International Conference on Emerging Technologies of Information and Communications
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Item Role of Public e-Procurement Technology: A Way to Stimulate Accountability, Efficiency and Transparency in Case of Bhutan(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) Wangchuk, PemaThis study presents the role of public e-procurement technology; a way to stimulate accountability, efficiency and transparency in the case of ten Ministries in Royal Government of Bhutan.It highlights the significance of ICT in the Public Procurement and the impacts resulting from the adoption of an e-GP system in Bhutan through the development of e-procurement impacts model. This model is intended to establish a relationship between dependent and independent variables where ICT and stakeholders act as the main players. The survey was conducted across ten Ministries in Bhutan. The key respondents were Director, Procurement Officer, Finance Officer, ICT Officer & Civil Engineer and 27 large size contractors who were directly associated with the system. The model of Mugenda & Mugenda (2013) was adopted in the study to determine the sampling size. The SPSS was used to analyze the collected data from the respondents of the survey. The study indicated that 91.3 % of the respondents agreed that the e-GP system increases transparency, efficiency and accountability in the public procurement process. The study also concludes that the ICT plays a pivotal role in supporting entire procurement functions to accomplish the annual public procurement goals in the Ministries.Item Study of Cybercrime Awareness in Bhutan(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) Chophel, Tenzin; Sanyasi, Prakash; Choki, Sonam; Ram Dhungyel, ParshuDaily livelihood of the people is inexorably intertwined with the computer and digital technologies and an underdeveloped country like Bhutan is no exception. Within last decades, internet users have been exponentially increasing which will inevitably result in the rise of the cyber crime. It is crucial to create awareness among the general public which may not eradicate cyber crime from the root but could possibly reduce the rate of cyber crime. This paper reflects the importance of awareness and how to evade cyber crime hoping to change the general perception of the people in meeting in the dire situation. That is to study the level of awareness of cyber crimes. So, a survey was conducted in the College of Science and Technology (Bhutan) to recommend improvements and corrective measures for the prevention and reduce of cyber crime. Through the descriptive survey approach, online questionnaire was sent to college students, resulting in 106 valid responses. The survey response showed that most of the college students were not aware of cyber crime and some knowledge about cyber crime and needed an awareness about it, so the details are discussed in the content belowItem Energy Harvesting Through Speed Breaker: Case Study at Samdrup Jongkhar Check Post(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) Bhattarai, Prakash; Choden, Thinley; Puwar, Lalita; Gyeltshen, Phub; Bir Rai, Shah; Wangdi, TandinThis project introduces a new way of generating electrical energy using the potential and kinetic energy of a moving vehicle. It can be described as harvesting electrical energy with the use of a speed breaker combined with rack and pinion mechanism. This project focuses on designing the model and subjecting it to simulation. Under simulation, the model will be subjected to various forces. Based on the result obtained, the applicability of this model in everyday life can be analyzed.Item HVOF Coating Delamination from Substrate Surface(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) Tshering, Nidup; Tshering, Jigme; Namgyel, KezangStatistically, it is learnt that the number of hydro power plants with hydro-abrasive erosion is found to increase across the hydro power plants in the country. Hydro-abrasive erosion is discovered to be caused due to the suspended particles in the water that passes through the turbine. These particles, which are harder than the surface material of the turbine parts are empirically found to damage the surface depending on the velocity and magnitude of the impact conditions. Ensuing this, the surface material is worn away resulting in geometrical transformation impacting and causing efficiency loss, cavitation and mechanical problems, with consequential higher maintenance costs, less availability and loss in energy production amongst others. A synthesized approach is imperative to bring about impact minimization of this phenomenon.Today the high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray process is widely accepted and adopted by many industries around owing to the flexibility and the cost effectiveness of the process. Although there exist a myriad of flame spraying processes, the HVOF thermal spray process utilizes only powder as the coating material. The paramount aspect to reduce the erosion and prolong the operation time of the components is found to coat all relevant parts of the component.It has been discovered that the delamination of hard coating has been construed as the singular and a major factor affecting the hard coated runners by BHSL in its history of the business operation of BHSL. In the course of its 3rd year of operation, BHSL has witnessed such glitches of its hard coated runners in Tala and Chukha Pelton Runner. Based on the inspection report to this effect, this paper intends to focus on the factors influencing parameters on de lamination of hard coating from substrate surface. The scope also include how BHSL has successfully anchored the de lamination glitches by way of adopting the change in operating parameters and coating process.The primary aspect of this scope of this study is identified to bring about the reduction of the fast de lamination of hard coating and increase the operation time of the components.Item Reliability Analysis of 11kV Feeder at Dewathang(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) Raj Dangal, Nirpa; Wangmo, Kinga; Choden, Yeshey; Dubjur, Yontenhis paper presents the results of reliability analysis of 11kV feeder at Deathwatch using reliability indices calculated analytically and an approach of predicting the indices of the system using Monte Carlo simulation has also been made. To analyze the reliability of the system, two methods are applied: first one is by collecting previous data and calculating the reliability using certain reliability indices. Another is reliability evaluation by using predictive measures. Firstly, the indices such as SAIFI, SAIDI and CAIDI are calculated by using the tripping record data of last one year (2016) which were collected from the Electricity Service Division, Samdrup Jongkhar. Then the result using MC simulation is foundItem Comparison Between Boost and Quadratic Boost Converter for MPPT Technique(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) Wangchuk, Dekar; Choden, shering; Tshewang, Tandin; Dorji, SonamMaximum power point tracking techniques reused to extract maximum output power from the photovoltaic panel. The output power of the array changes with change in isolation and atmospheric temperature. In this paper boost converter and quadratic boost converter is simulated with different duty cycles and the results are compared. Then Perturb and Observe MPPT technique is proposed for boost and quadratic converter to increase the efficiency of the photovoltaic system. The main objective is to trace the maximum power point of the photovoltaic module in order to extract the maximum possible power from the photovoltaic. The proposed technique is simulated using MATLAB/Simulation at dynamic isolation and temperature. The comparison is made on both the system employing different dc-dc converter.Item Energy Efficient Buildings in Bhutan(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) Namgay, Karma; Wangdi, Kinley; Singye, Jigme; Tshering, UgyenDue to poor design and almost non-existing insulation in the homes, the energy consumption reaches its peak during winter in the country. There is a need to construct energy-efficiency buildings to help reduce greenhouse gas emission.This paper presents whether the selected ECE building (new academic building in Jig me Namely Engineering college) is energy efficient or not. The focus is on the heating and cooling of the building for better temperature to live in. In this paper, Open-Studio and Google Sketch-up software are used for the simulation. The sample building selected here is a new academic building in Jig me Namely Engineering College (JNEC).Item Improvement in Reclamation Process of Pelton Runner(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) Penjor, Tshering; Dolma, Rigzin; Wangmo, Khandu; Namgyel, KezangBhutan is blessed with enormous potential to harness hydro-energy estimated at 20,000Mega Watts with the hydro power sector generating the highest proportion of revenue to the nation. Peyton being the ideal runner for high head is the most prominent type of runner installed in the operational as well as the upcoming hydro power plants. Reclamation and repair of Peyton runner is gaining greater prominence due to the excessive rate of erosion of the runners. Runner reclamation is a practically proven solution for reviving the eroded and damaged hydraulic profile of runner to its original state at a significantly lower cost to that of a newly manufactured runner.Peyton runner reclamation is a sophisticated process requiring intensive technical know how and expertise to retain the mechanical properties, original dimensions and efficiency of the runner. Peyton runners are generally installed for high-head applications and consequently high pressure. Therefore, quality of repair activities especially welding, grinding and post weld heat treatment are paramount to the efficiency and life cycle of the reclaimed Peyton runner. This paper exclusively concentrates on the reclamation process and the improvements to optimize the reclamation process of Peyton runner. The experiences acquired through various challenges and improvements implemented in each and every process over the period for reclamation of runner by Bhutan Hydro power Services Limited (BHSL) are illustrated.Item Load Flow Analysis of Power System Network in Bhutan(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) Bhattarai, Deepak; Singh Gishing, Damber; Gyeltshen, Sonam; Bdr. Subba, AitaThis project attempts to model power system networks of Bhutan and carry out load flow analysis in PSS/E software. The load flow analysis was carried out considering one-day data, typically real network data of the monsoon (June 1st, 2018). The primary objectives concerning power flow analysis is to determine the magnitude and phase angle of voltage, examining the voltage profile to identify the weakest bus in the network. Real and reactive power of individual bus was also determined to compute total power losses in the system. Moreover, load flow analysis plays a vital role in determining various conditions and state of power system for further studies. In this research, the power system loads are considered as static (Quasi-static-load) while carrying out load flow analysis. Newton Phonographs method was used for the load flow analysis.Item Dynamic Modelling and Simulation of Kurichhu Hydropower Plant(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) Tobgay, Thinley; Tenzin, Tshering; Dorji, ChekuThis paper presents a part of the ongoing research project entitled ‘University-Business partnership Project Modelling and Analysis of Bhutan’s Hydro power Plants’. A realistic Simulation model resembling the actual system is necessary to study its control mechanism, monitoring and the operation of the power plant. The modelling and simulation of Zurich Hydro power Plant (KHP) is the third phase of the above research activity. In this paper the mathematical model of the hydraulic system of KHP i.e. Water Hydraulics, Turbine and Turbine Regulator are developed in MATLAB Simulation and the Voltage Controller and the Generator models are adapted from Dig Silent Power Factory. The complete Simulation model is then simulated using the real-time measured data and the results are being compared with the actual system responses. The degree of closeness of simulation with the actual responses validate the Simulation Model.Item Sediment Impact Analysis and Optimization of Power Plant Operation(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) Namgyal, Lhendup; TandinThe sediments transport in the rivers in Himalaya region are significantly high mainly due to the fragile geology and rugged terrain. This poses serious challenges with regards to sediment management, loss in reservoir capacity in the hydro power plants and above all, the sediment induced wear on the underwater components. Sediment induced damages include the costs of repair works and replacement investments due to hydro abrasive erosion and losses of revenue due to reduced turbine efficiency or downtime during replacement/repairing works. It is therefore, economical to close the water intake and stop the turbine operation when Suspended Sediment Concentration (SSC) and particle sizes exceed limit values. While the effect of Particle Size Distribution (PSD) on turbine erosion is not yet fully known, switch –off decision are so far based on SSC.Therefore, in view of optimizing the power plant operation during the high sediment period and also to improve the life and efficiency of the turbines, the sediment impact assessment were carried out for the four high head power plants in Bhutan based on the guidelines provided in IEC 62364 and accordingly optimal SSC were estimated for each power plants for the switch off decision.Item Design of Microstrip Antenna which operatesat 2.4 GHz to 2.6 GHz(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) Yoezer, Thinley; Wangdi, PemaThe paper presents the design and evaluation of flexible micro strip antenna using textile materials for Wifi application. The proposed antenna successfully operates in ISM (2.4GHz) band allocated for Wifi application with bandwidth of 200MHz operating from 2.4GHz to 2.6GHz. The proposed antenna is designed using CST Microwave Studio 2016. It achieved an average gain of 6 dB in its operating bandwidth.Item 4-Element Yagi-Uda Antenna Offering Highest Gain at 2100MHz(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) Tenzin, Jimba; Rinzin, Chimi; Bdr. Samal, PurnaThe paper presents the design and optimization of 4 element Yagi-Uda antenna to achieve the highest possible gain for its application as base station transmitting antenna in urban cellular communication system. The antenna is designed to operate at 3G frequency of 2100 MHz. The design and evaluation of the proposed antenna is carried out in Computer Simulation Technology studio suite 2016 software. The designed antenna achieves an operating bandwidth of 278 MHz with its center operating frequency of 2100 MHz. It achieved high gain and directive of 9.4 dB and 10.6 dBi, suitable for base station transmitting antenna.Item Design and Evaluation of Wearable Microstrip Antenna for 3G Application(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) Subedi, Basudev; Wangdi, Pema; Bdr. Samal, PurnaThe paper presents the design and evaluation of textile based flexible and wearable Micro strip antenna for its application in 3G cellular communication using 2100 MHz frequency. The proposed antenna is designed using all textile materials, shield It and felt as conductor and dielectric material. The antenna achieves an overall size of 56mm x 67mm x 3mm and successfully operates in 3G frequency of 2100 MHz, with operating bandwidth of 317.29 MHz It exhibits desired directional radiation pattern with main lobe magnitude of 8.5 dBi at -5 θ degree and beam width of 71.1⁰from θ = -41.1⁰to 30⁰. The overall average realized gain is 3.6 dB in its operating bandwidth with its maximum gain of 5.02 dB at 2100 MHz. The design, simulation and evaluation of the proposed antenna is carried out in CST Microwave Studio 2016.Item 3-Element Yagi-Uda antenna operating at 1900MHz(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) Tharchen, Jigme; Tshewang, Dorji; B. Samal, PurnaThe paper presents the design and evaluation of 3-element Yagi Uda antenna for its application in cellular communication at 1900 MHz. The proposed antenna successfully operates in 1900 MHz with its operating bandwidth of 291 MHz ranging from 1.8 GHz to 2.1 GHz. The proposed antenna exhibits directional radiation pattern with gain of 6.3 dBi. It achieves a total efficiency of 99% with radiation efficiency of 95%.Item Design and Evaluation of five element Yagi-Uda Antenna operating in ISM Band(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) phuntsho, Tashi; B.Samal, PurnaDesign of five element Magi-Uda antenna operating at 2500 MHz is proposed. The proposed antenna successfully operates at 2500 MHz with operating bandwidth of 250.25MHz from 2.39GHz to 2.64GHz The proposed antenna achieved a directional radiating property with maximum radiation intensity of 9.37dBi. It achieved high gain of 9.4 dB with stable performance ranging from 8 dB to 9.4 dB within its operating frequency. The antenna consists of reflector, driven element and three directors for high gain and directive. Fundamental dipole antenna is employed as a driven element. The design and evaluation of the antenna is carried out in CST STUDIO SUITE 2016, antenna design software.Item Half-Wave Dipole Antenna Operating at 5 GHz for Wi-Fi Applications(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) Sharma, Shivalal; Tobgay, Sonam; B. Samal, PurnaThis paper presents the design and evaluation of simple half wave dipole antenna for its application in WI-Fi technology. The proposed antenna successfully achieved its operation in ISM band of 5GHz with ultra-wide operating bandwidth of 4.1 GHz. It achieved a gain of 3.330dB and a desired unidirectional radiation pattern with maximum radiation of 3.443dBi at the center frequency.All the design and Simulations were carried out using CST microwave studio 2011. The overall size of an antenna is with conductor radius of 7mm.Item Cab Sharing, Free Energy and the Importance ofProximity(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) Galindo, Kim; Nalin K. Jayakody, Dushantha; Mourka, Areti; Malhotra, ShivaliThis paper introduces a multi-disciplinary approach and new paradigm through which to assess the interplay between technological advancements, and their impact on human social structures and cohesion. We promote a paradigm built upon an interdisciplinary analogy which uses experiences from the fields of Physics, Biology, Sociology, Planning, Anthropology,Engineering, Pedagogy, and Communication. We are promoting paradigm of Social Complex Adaptive Systems (SCAS). This builds upon established ideas of Complex Adaptive Systems(CAS) by emphasizing components of social learning, adaptation and communications for CAS. A seminal point of our arguments the multi-modal and iterative processing of data and stimuli assessments undergone by individuals and social groups (referred to as SCAS), which require experiences and actions undergone within shared spaces that lay the foundational structures upon which trust is built. Were proposing a conceptualization of human communications which surpasses notions of language, economy,and cognitive sensory input. These ideas are embedded withe constructs of complex adaptation systems, and use complex algorithms, including stochastic and chaotic methodologies to develop deeper understandings of the iterative and adaptive processes SCAS undertake, as they adjust to constraining forces.We conclude with a call for greater awareness of the context and limitations in which technologies are being embedded and from which they are emerging, and the need to create meta structures that are responsive to systemic constraints.Item The Physics of Virtual Networks, Human Culture,and Cab Sharing(ETIC conference, 2019-03-10) Galindo, Kim; Nalin K. Jayakody, Dushantha; Mourka, Areti; Malhotra, ShivaliThis paper introduces a multi-disciplinary approach to assess the interplay between technological advancements, and society, by introducing a model for holistic systemic resilience.A new paradigm is introduced to understand human social interactions, which builds upon an interdisciplinary work from the fields of Physics, Biology, Sociology, Planning, Anthropology,Engineering, Pedagogy, and Communication. We promote a paradigm of Social Complex Adaptive Systems (SCAS) and this builds upon established ideas of Complex Adaptive Systems(CAS), from biological sciences, by emphasizing components of social learning and communications, and combines those concepts with theories from physics, to incorporate notions of energy transfer and trajectory. A seminal point of our argument is the multi-modal and iterative processing of data and stimuli assessments undergone by social groups (referred to as SCAS). Additionally, emphasis is placed on the need to recognize both biological and cultural constraints that limit end-user ability to cognitively analysis the overwhelming amount of data modern global citizens are expected to manage on a regular basis. We conclude with a call to address methods that examine the impacts of technological advancements, globalization, and increased data demands on human and social constraintsItem ASpy Robotfor Military Applications(2019-03-10) Holey, Sharvari; Navsalkar, Shivani; Dhande, Tanvi; Daga, Mihika; Chandra Ghivela, Girish; Sengupta, JoydeepWe have developed a phototypesetter the purpose of spying in war fields and on border lines applications. This robot is being developed with the help of line following and obstacle avoiding technique son Atmega8 microelectronics with a Raspberry pi. A wireless camera is integrated with this module. The camera captures images and videos and transmits it remotely to a PC. This prototype bot can be used by the military to obtain information about the enemy territories.